Search results for "electromagnetic [radiation]"

CHLOROPHYLL a AGGREGATES IN HYDROCARBON SOLUTION, A PICOSECOND SPECTROSCOPY AND MOLECULAR MODELING STUDY

1993

Chlorophyll a aggregates in 3-methylpentane solution have been studied by using picosecond absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modeling. Chlorophyll a aggregates give rise to reversible temperature changes in the absorption and fluorescence spectra. Time-dependent anisotropies were used to estimate rotational correlation times of the aggregates. These were indicative of the sizes of the aggregates. The rotational diffusion of the monomer and the two identified aggregates was hydrodynamic over the viscosity range studied (0.29–1.8 cP). Molecular mechanics calculations were used to predict the minimum energy structures of several chlorophyll a dimers suggested earlier in th…

Molecular structures of chlorophyll a aggregates: spectroscopic and molecular modeling study

1993

Molecular structures of chlorophyll a aggregates have been studied. Spectroscopic properties of these aggregates have been studied by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy in hydrocarbon solution at various temperatures. Observed spectroscopic shifts were interpreted in terms of simple exciton theory. Exciton splittings were estimated from computer optimized models of previously suggested Chl a aggregate structures.

Sun-induced fluorescence - a new probe of photosynthesis: First maps from the imaging spectrometer HyPlant.

2015

Variations in photosynthesis still cause substantial uncertainties in predicting photosynthetic CO2 uptake rates and monitoring plant stress. Changes in actual photosynthesis that are not related to greenness of vegetation are difficult to measure by reflectance based optical remote sensing techniques. Several activities are underway to evaluate the sun-induced fluorescence signal on the ground and on a coarse spatial scale using space-borne imaging spectrometers. Intermediate-scale observations using airborne-based imaging spectroscopy, which are critical to bridge the existing gap between small-scale field studies and global observations, are still insufficient. Here we present the first …

Scientific approach for ozone absorption in blood during systemic indirect endovenous ozonetherapy

2018

Introduction.
 Reading reference ozone books from Dra. Menendez, Dra. Viebhan, Dra. Borrelli and Dr. Bocci, proper timing for mixing ozone in blood during autohemotherapy is not calculated in a scientific way, having only an estimation of it based on changes in the blood color, more related to oxygen absorption than on ozone itself.
 
 Material and methods.
 We decided to reproduce a reduced model of great autohemotherapy or recently renamed as systemic indirect endovenous ozonotherapy (SIEVO) by the World Federation of Ozone Therapy – WFOT, using syringes to simplify the experiment. Our model consisted of a 20 mL syringe filled with 10 mL of blood withdrawn from healthy…

Unveiling Electronic Transitions in Three Novel Chiral Azo-Compounds Using Linear and Nonlinear Circular Dichroism: A Theoretical−Experimental Study

2011

Herein, we report on the experimental and theoretically study of the linear absorption, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, as well as the two-photon absorption circular-linear dichroism measurements of three different chiral azo derivatives in dimethylsulfoxide solution. Using potential energy surfaces and frontier orbital analysis, we established the most stable conformation for each molecule and elucidated their different electronic transitions. Our theoretical calculations allowed us to unambiguously identify the spectral position of such transitions and correlate them with the spectral profiles observed in the two-photon absorption spectra. To further elucidate the characteris…

Conformational substates of ferricytochrome c revealed by combined optical absorption and electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy at cryogenic tem…

2010

We have investigated the heterogeneity of the Fe(III)–Met80 linkage of horse heart ferricytochrome c by probing the 695 nm charge transfer band with absorption and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy. In order to verify the connection between conformational substates of the Fe(III)–Met80 linkage and the 695 nm band spectral heterogeneity, we have performed experiments as a function of pH (neutral and acidic) and temperature (room and 20 K). At room temperature, the ECD spectrum is blue shifted with respect to the absorption one; the shift is more pronounced at acidic pH and is compatible with the presence of sub-bands. ECD measurements at 20 K highlighted the heterogeneous natu…

Investigations of Chl a aggregates cross-linked by dioxane in 3-methylpentane

1997

In this work, dioxane-bound aggregates of chlorophyll a are prepared in 3-methylpentane. The properties of the aggregates are studied by using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopies. The Q -region absorption spectrum of the y chlorophyll a-dioxane aggregate shows four clearly resolvable narrow bands with comparable intensities. The band maxima are located at 683, 689, 698 and 702 nm. The emission spectrum consists of two emission bands centred at 699 and 702 nm suggesting the presence of two types of aggregates. High degree of fluorescence polarization is detected yielding the angles between the absorption transition moments with respect to the 702 nm emission transition moment. The …

Electromagnetic Radiation, a Living Cell and the Soul: A Collated Hypothesis

2015

The soul is believed to be an immortal essence of living things in scores of philosophical and religious traditions but sparsely understood by science. The word ‘soul’ does not have a scientific definition but through this paper is hypothesized to be an indefinite, non-structured, massless energy made up of electromagnetic radiations that is confined in the cytoskeletal network of the biological cell. Electromagnetic radiations continually interact with the biological cell and propagate within the cell; by a pathway known as ‘Cell-Soul Pathway’. This pathway is a coherent, imperceptible, uncontainable and recyclable support pathway, which uses this energy to promulgate consciousness in a bi…

How to integrate dreaming into a general theory of consciousness—A critical review of existing positions and suggestions for future research

2011

In this paper, we address the different ways in which dream research can contribute to interdisciplinary consciousness research. As a second global state of consciousness aside from wakefulness, dreaming is an important contrast condition for theories of waking consciousness. However, programmatic suggestions for integrating dreaming into broader theories of consciousness, for instance by regarding dreams as a model system of standard or pathological wake states, have not yielded straightforward results. We review existing proposals for using dreaming as a model system, taking into account concerns about the concept of modeling and the adequacy and practical feasibility of dreaming as a mod…

2020

Abstract This article discusses a hypothesis recently put forward by Kanai et al., according to which information generation constitutes a functional basis of, and a sufficient condition for, consciousness. Information generation involves the ability to compress and subsequently decompress information, potentially after a temporal delay and adapted to current purposes. I will argue that information generation should not be regarded as a sufficient condition for consciousness, but could serve as what I will call a “minimal unifying model of consciousness.” A minimal unifying model (MUM) specifies at least one necessary feature of consciousness, characterizes it in a determinable way, and sho…